LAD #8: Monroe Doctrine

The Monroe Doctrine was stated during Monroe's seventh annual message to Congress on December 2nd, 1823. Monroe begins by discussing the negotiations between the United States and the Russian Imperial Government. They were discussing the boundaries of the United States, especially in the northwest coast of the continent. Monroe also states that similar negotiations were continuing with Great Britain and were running smoothly. He states, "as a principle in which the rights and the interests of the United States are involved, that the American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by and European powers." This statement further clarifies his position, and the United States' position, in the negotiations between the European superpowers. Monroe later beings to speak about the issue in Spain and Portugal and clarifies that the United States supports the "liberty and happiness of the fellow men on that side of the Atlantic," but will also not go to war unless America's rights are "invaded or seriously menaced." Monroe also emphasizes the point that if any of the European superpowers attempts to impose their form of government of this side of the globe then the United States will consider that dangerous to the peace and safety of the nation and will take action. The issue in Spain and Portugal is a prime example, according to Monroe, how the United States remained neutral, and demonstrates how unsettled Europe still is, proving neutrality to be the best solution to remain out of foreign affairs. Monroe closes by stating, "It is the true policy of the United States to leave the parties to themselves, in hope that other powers will pursue the same course."

LAD: Jefferson's First Inaugural Address

In Jefferson's first inaugural address given on March 4th, 1801, he thanks the nation for voting for him, and realizes the magnitude of the responsibilities he has acquired. He states that he has "shrunk from the contemplation," and has "humbled himself." He later goes into pre-thanking the legislatures he will be working with and will always look to them for guidance and support. He also uses metaphor, comparing the United States to a ship, saying that between him and Congress, they will "be able to steer with safety the vessel in which we are all embarked amidst the conflicting elements of a troubled world." Jefferson later states the importance of the democratic principles instituted in the United States. He emphasizes the point that the majority will prevail in a reasonably fashion, and that the minority will always be guaranteed their rights. Jefferson continues on thanking the people of the United States, but also warns them that they will not always agree with his decisions. He states his errors will never be intentional ones, and he asks for them to comprehend this fact. He later asks for the support against others who feel their errors are never wrong. Jefferson leads into his final words, stating that he is going to undertake the position of the presidency with dedication, yet he will step down whenever the people feel it is necessary. In other words, when the people vote against him, he will gladly step down.

LAD: Columbus

Columbus should be considered a hero not a villain. This is because of his many great accomplishments in his life. For Spain he discovered many important landmarks in the world during the exploration era, such as the Americas. Columbus set sail for months searching for new land and an all water route to India. However, he found the great landmass of America. This may have been a coincidental occurrence but it was a great one, accomplished by a successful sailor and explorer. Arguments are made regarding Columbus's diseases and slavery practices that he brought over with him from the Old World to the New World, however, it was destined to happen, whether it was Columbus or the next explorer. Therefore Columbus should get credit for discovering America, and should not be looked upon as a villain for bringing disease and slavery to the New World.

LAD#6: Washington's Farewell Address

Washington's Farewell Address focuses on the idea of neutrality as well but more along the lines of other issues, which have become amendments to the constitution. Written in 1796, Washington starts of by saying he does not want to be considered for a third term in the White House. He says, "I will decline being considered among the number of those out of whom a choice is to be made." He feels that staying in office for more than two terms is too many, and he urges others to follow in his footsteps. Another major point he addresses is the issue of neutrality. He warns to stay clear of foreign alliances and not to get involved with world affairs. Although he stresses to remain neutral, he also urges the United States to remain peaceful with other nations. This is seen when he says, "Observe good faith and justice towards all nations; cultivate peace and harmony with all." He emphasizes the importance of religion, which will help the nations success. He stresses trust within the administration, as well as public education. He feels that since the government is being run for the people that they should be educated enough to be able to run it. Ending his speech, Washington stresses his pride in America, saying things such as, "The name of American, which belongs to you in your national capacity, must always exalt the just pride of patriotism more than any appellation derived from local discriminations."

LAD#5: Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality

Washington's proclamation of neutrality was signed in Philadelphia on April 22, 1793. Washington recognizes the state of war between Austria, Prussia, Sardinia, Great Britain, and the United Netherlands against France. He says that the United Sates should "with sincerity and good faith" stay out of the wars, and remain neutral toward the European powers. He also warns the United States citizens to remain neutral and try to not get themselves involved in war with other powerful countries. Washington addresses, "I exhort and warn the citizens of the United States carefully to avoid all acts of proceedings what so ever, which may in any manner tend to contravene such disposition." Washington says that if anyone in the United States should try to start a war with the "Powers," they will not receive protection, and will be punished for going against the law.